To prevent roads and embankments from subsiding, it is often useful or necessary to improve soil properties. This can be done by injection with grout, chemically by adding lime to clay or loam, or biologically using bacteria. A temporary solution is to freeze soil.
Horizontal soil sealing by water-glass injection (2017)
The application of water glass injection as a soil barrier in construction pits is regularly used in the Netherlands. A number of practical projects have shown that water-glass injection does not give sufficient results in terms of water inhibition. The reasons for this can vary widely. For this report, we chose to investigate two implementation aspects, namely ambient vibration and injection pressure. The extent to which these two aspects can affect the water inhibition effect of a water glass injection has been investigated.
Mixed-in-place dyke reinforcement
Mixed-in-place (MIP) or soil mixing is a soil improvement technique in which soil is mixed in-situ with a binding agent such as cement. MIP improves the inward stability of the dike without expanding the dike outside the existing contours of the dike body.
It is therefore a good solution in an area where there is no room for a usual improvement by means of widening with a soil berm. Much has been published about it in Professional Geotechnical Journal, which can be found by using the keyword 'mixed' in the search window.
Lekdijk pilot project (2011)
The Water Works Expertise Network (ENW) accepted the technique at the end of 2006. For actual application in regular projects, the technique still had to be tested, in combination with measurement of the behaviour of the dike and the effect on the environment.
this was done in autumn 2009 with a pilot project consisting of a 50-metre-long dyke reinforcement on the Lekdijk in Nieuw-Lekkerland. Along a considerable length of the Lekdijk, many damage-prone buildings, founded on steel, occur directly on the inner side of the dike. This article discusses the implementation phase and evaluation of measurements.
Delft Cluster: Controlled drilling and soil improvement techniques (2010)
Results of research into the effects on the environment caused by tunnel drilling. The potential of ground improvement techniques in controlling environmental impact was also investigated.
A guide to ground treatment (2002)
'C573 - A guide to ground treatment' (2002) is an accessible introduction to ground improvement. It describes the principles, methods, effectiveness and limitations of different treatment techniques. Besides an abstract, the complete guide can be found on CIRIA's website.
Stabilisation of soil with cement (2002)
What stabilisation techniques are there and what applications are involved. Topics the Betoniek publication 'Cement in the ground' looks at in more detail.
The No-Recess project (1999)
On a trial field near 's-Gravendeel in the Hoekse Waard, a number of promising methods have been investigated in trial mounds for constructing earth courses on a weak subsoil. Important aspects of these new techniques are the acceleration and limitation of settlement and residual settlement. This leads to faster construction and less maintenance.
The research results are set out in CUR report 199. Reference is made in the bibliography to a spreadsheet that can be used to calculate the effects of stabilised soil columns.
In addition, two articles appeared in the annual report (1999) of GeoDelft:
Related pages
Construction pits
Soil testing
Soil deformation
Measurement and monitoring
Sedimentation